Android中的ClassLoader

public abstract class ClassLoader {

    static private class SystemClassLoader {
        public static ClassLoader loader = ClassLoader.createSystemClassLoader();
    }

    private static ClassLoader createSystemClassLoader() {
        String classPath = System.getProperty("java.class.path", ".");

        return new PathClassLoader(classPath, BootClassLoader.getInstance());
    }

    protected ClassLoader() {
        this(getSystemClassLoader(), false);
    }

    protected ClassLoader(ClassLoader parentLoader) {
        this(parentLoader, false);
    }

    ClassLoader(ClassLoader parentLoader, boolean nullAllowed) {
        if (parentLoader == null && !nullAllowed) {
            throw new NullPointerException("parentLoader == null && !nullAllowed");
        }
        parent = parentLoader;
    }
}


class BootClassLoader extends ClassLoader {

    private static BootClassLoader instance;

    @FindBugsSuppressWarnings("DP_CREATE_CLASSLOADER_INSIDE_DO_PRIVILEGED")
    public static synchronized BootClassLoader getInstance() {
        if (instance == null) {
            instance = new BootClassLoader();
        }

        return instance;
    }

    public BootClassLoader() {
        super(null);
    }
}

/**
 * {@code SecureClassLoader} represents a {@code ClassLoader} which associates
 * the classes it loads with a code source and provide mechanisms to allow the
 * relevant permissions to be retrieved.
 */
public class SecureClassLoader extends ClassLoader {

    protected SecureClassLoader() {
    }

    protected SecureClassLoader(ClassLoader parent) {
        super(parent);
    }
}

/**
 * This class loader is responsible for loading classes and resources from a
 * list of URLs which can refer to either directories or JAR files. Classes
 * loaded by this {@code URLClassLoader} are granted permission to access the
 * URLs contained in the URL search list.
 */
@FindBugsSuppressWarnings({ "DMI_COLLECTION_OF_URLS", "DP_CREATE_CLASSLOADER_INSIDE_DO_PRIVILEGED" })
public class URLClassLoader extends SecureClassLoader {

    public URLClassLoader(URL[] urls) {
        this(urls, ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader(), null);
    }

    public URLClassLoader(URL[] urls, ClassLoader parent) {
        this(urls, parent, null);
    }

    public static URLClassLoader newInstance(final URL[] urls) {
        return new URLClassLoader(urls, ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader());
    }

    public static URLClassLoader newInstance(final URL[] urls, final ClassLoader parentCl) {
        return new URLClassLoader(urls, parentCl);
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a new {@code URLClassLoader} instance. The newly created
     * instance will have the specified {@code ClassLoader} as its parent and
     * use the specified factory to create stream handlers. URLs that end with
     * "/" are assumed to be directories, otherwise they are assumed to be JAR
     * files.
     *
     * @param searchUrls
     *            the list of URLs where a specific class or file could be
     *            found.
     * @param parent
     *            the {@code ClassLoader} to assign as this loader's parent.
     * @param factory
     *            the factory that will be used to create protocol-specific
     *            stream handlers.
     */
    public URLClassLoader(URL[] searchUrls, ClassLoader parent, URLStreamHandlerFactory factory) {
        super(parent);
        this.factory = factory;
        int nbUrls = searchUrls.length;
        originalUrls = new ArrayList<URL>(nbUrls);
        handlerList = new ArrayList<URLHandler>(nbUrls);
        searchList = Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<URL>(nbUrls));
        for (int i = 0; i < nbUrls; i++) {
            originalUrls.add(searchUrls[i]);
            try {
                searchList.add(createSearchURL(searchUrls[i]));
            } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            }
        }
    }
}

public class BaseDexClassLoader extends ClassLoader {

    private final DexPathList pathList;

    /**
     * Constructs an instance.
     *
     * @param dexPath the list of jar/apk files containing classes and
     * resources, delimited by {@code File.pathSeparator}, which
     * defaults to {@code ":"} on Android
     * @param optimizedDirectory directory where optimized dex files
     * should be written; may be {@code null}
     * @param libraryPath the list of directories containing native
     * libraries, delimited by {@code File.pathSeparator}; may be
     * {@code null}
     * @param parent the parent class loader
     */
    public BaseDexClassLoader(String dexPath, File optimizedDirectory,
            String libraryPath, ClassLoader parent) {
        super(parent);
        this.pathList = new DexPathList(this, dexPath, libraryPath, optimizedDirectory);
    }
}

public class DexClassLoader extends BaseDexClassLoader {

    public DexClassLoader(String dexPath, String optimizedDirectory,
            String libraryPath, ClassLoader parent) {
        super(dexPath, new File(optimizedDirectory), libraryPath, parent);
    }
}

/**
 * Manipulates DEX files. The class is similar in principle to
 * {@link java.util.zip.ZipFile}. It is used primarily by class loaders.
 * <p>
 * Note we don't directly open and read the DEX file here. They're memory-mapped
 * read-only by the VM.
 */
public final class DexFile {
    private Object mCookie;
    private final String mFileName;
    private final CloseGuard guard = CloseGuard.get();

    /**
     * Opens a DEX file from a given File object. This will usually be a ZIP/JAR
     * file with a "classes.dex" inside.
     *
     * The VM will generate the name of the corresponding file in
     * /data/dalvik-cache and open it, possibly creating or updating
     * it first if system permissions allow.  Don't pass in the name of
     * a file in /data/dalvik-cache, as the named file is expected to be
     * in its original (pre-dexopt) state.
     *
     * @param file
     *            the File object referencing the actual DEX file
     *
     * @throws IOException
     *             if an I/O error occurs, such as the file not being found or
     *             access rights missing for opening it
     */
    public DexFile(File file) throws IOException {
        this(file.getPath());
    }

    /**
     * Opens a DEX file from a given filename. This will usually be a ZIP/JAR
     * file with a "classes.dex" inside.
     *
     * The VM will generate the name of the corresponding file in
     * /data/dalvik-cache and open it, possibly creating or updating
     * it first if system permissions allow.  Don't pass in the name of
     * a file in /data/dalvik-cache, as the named file is expected to be
     * in its original (pre-dexopt) state.
     *
     * @param fileName
     *            the filename of the DEX file
     *
     * @throws IOException
     *             if an I/O error occurs, such as the file not being found or
     *             access rights missing for opening it
     */
    public DexFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
        mCookie = openDexFile(fileName, null, 0);
        mFileName = fileName;
        guard.open("close");
        //System.out.println("DEX FILE cookie is " + mCookie + " fileName=" + fileName);
    }

    /**
     * Opens a DEX file from a given filename, using a specified file
     * to hold the optimized data.
     *
     * @param sourceName
     *  Jar or APK file with "classes.dex".
     * @param outputName
     *  File that will hold the optimized form of the DEX data.
     * @param flags
     *  Enable optional features.
     */
    private DexFile(String sourceName, String outputName, int flags) throws IOException {
        if (outputName != null) {
            try {
                String parent = new File(outputName).getParent();
                if (Libcore.os.getuid() != Libcore.os.stat(parent).st_uid) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Optimized data directory " + parent
                            + " is not owned by the current user. Shared storage cannot protect"
                            + " your application from code injection attacks.");
                }
            } catch (ErrnoException ignored) {
                // assume we'll fail with a more contextual error later
            }
        }

        mCookie = openDexFile(sourceName, outputName, flags);
        mFileName = sourceName;
        guard.open("close");
        //System.out.println("DEX FILE cookie is " + mCookie + " sourceName=" + sourceName + " outputName=" + outputName);
    }

    /**
     * Open a DEX file, specifying the file in which the optimized DEX
     * data should be written.  If the optimized form exists and appears
     * to be current, it will be used; if not, the VM will attempt to
     * regenerate it.
     *
     * This is intended for use by applications that wish to download
     * and execute DEX files outside the usual application installation
     * mechanism.  This function should not be called directly by an
     * application; instead, use a class loader such as
     * dalvik.system.DexClassLoader.
     *
     * @param sourcePathName
     *  Jar or APK file with "classes.dex".  (May expand this to include
     *  "raw DEX" in the future.)
     * @param outputPathName
     *  File that will hold the optimized form of the DEX data.
     * @param flags
     *  Enable optional features.  (Currently none defined.)
     * @return
     *  A new or previously-opened DexFile.
     * @throws IOException
     *  If unable to open the source or output file.
     */
    static public DexFile loadDex(String sourcePathName, String outputPathName,
        int flags) throws IOException {

        /*
         * TODO: we may want to cache previously-opened DexFile objects.
         * The cache would be synchronized with close().  This would help
         * us avoid mapping the same DEX more than once when an app
         * decided to open it multiple times.  In practice this may not
         * be a real issue.
         */
        return new DexFile(sourcePathName, outputPathName, flags);
    }
}

/**
 * Provides a simple {@link ClassLoader} implementation that operates on a list
 * of files and directories in the local file system, but does not attempt to
 * load classes from the network. Android uses this class for its system class
 * loader and for its application class loader(s).
 */
public class PathClassLoader extends BaseDexClassLoader {
    /**
     * Creates a {@code PathClassLoader} that operates on a given list of files
     * and directories. This method is equivalent to calling
     * {@link #PathClassLoader(String, String, ClassLoader)} with a
     * {@code null} value for the second argument (see description there).
     *
     * @param dexPath the list of jar/apk files containing classes and
     * resources, delimited by {@code File.pathSeparator}, which
     * defaults to {@code ":"} on Android
     * @param parent the parent class loader
     */
    public PathClassLoader(String dexPath, ClassLoader parent) {
        super(dexPath, null, null, parent);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a {@code PathClassLoader} that operates on two given
     * lists of files and directories. The entries of the first list
     * should be one of the following:
     *
     * <ul>
     * <li>JAR/ZIP/APK files, possibly containing a "classes.dex" file as
     * well as arbitrary resources.
     * <li>Raw ".dex" files (not inside a zip file).
     * </ul>
     *
     * The entries of the second list should be directories containing
     * native library files.
     *
     * @param dexPath the list of jar/apk files containing classes and
     * resources, delimited by {@code File.pathSeparator}, which
     * defaults to {@code ":"} on Android
     * @param libraryPath the list of directories containing native
     * libraries, delimited by {@code File.pathSeparator}; may be
     * {@code null}
     * @param parent the parent class loader
     */
    public PathClassLoader(String dexPath, String libraryPath,
            ClassLoader parent) {
        super(dexPath, null, libraryPath, parent);
    }
}

/**
 * A {@link ClassLoader} implementation that loads classes from a
 * buffer containing a DEX file. This can be used to execute code that
 * has not been written to the local file system.
 */
public final class InMemoryDexClassLoader extends BaseDexClassLoader {
    /**
     * Create an in-memory DEX class loader with the given dex buffers.
     *
     * @param dexBuffers array of buffers containing DEX files between
     *                       <tt>buffer.position()</tt> and <tt>buffer.limit()</tt>.
     * @param parent the parent class loader for delegation.
     * @hide
     */
    public InMemoryDexClassLoader(ByteBuffer[] dexBuffers, ClassLoader parent) {
        super(dexBuffers, parent);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new in-memory DEX class loader.
     *
     * @param dexBuffer buffer containing DEX file contents between
     *                       <tt>buffer.position()</tt> and <tt>buffer.limit()</tt>.
     * @param parent the parent class loader for delegation.
     */
    public InMemoryDexClassLoader(ByteBuffer dexBuffer, ClassLoader parent) {
        this(new ByteBuffer[] { dexBuffer }, parent);
    }
}

/**
 * Loads the class with the specified name, optionally linking it after
 * loading. The following steps are performed:
 * <ol>
 * <li> Call {@link #findLoadedClass(String)} to determine if the requested
 * class has already been loaded.</li>
 * <li>If the class has not yet been loaded: Invoke this method on the
 * parent class loader.</li>
 * <li>If the class has still not been loaded: Call
 * {@link #findClass(String)} to find the class.</li>
 * </ol>
 * <p>
 * <strong>Note:</strong> In the Android reference implementation, the
 * {@code resolve} parameter is ignored; classes are never linked.
 * </p>
 *
 * @return the {@code Class} object.
 * @param className
 *            the name of the class to look for.
 * @param resolve
 *            Indicates if the class should be resolved after loading. This
 *            parameter is ignored on the Android reference implementation;
 *            classes are not resolved.
 * @throws ClassNotFoundException
 *             if the class can not be found.
 */
protected Class<?> loadClass(String className, boolean resolve) throws ClassNotFoundException {
    Class<?> clazz = findLoadedClass(className);

    if (clazz == null) {
        ClassNotFoundException suppressed = null;
        try {
            clazz = parent.loadClass(className, false);
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            suppressed = e;
        }

        if (clazz == null) {
            try {
                clazz = findClass(className);
            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                e.addSuppressed(suppressed);
                throw e;
            }
        }
    }

    return clazz;
}

@Override
protected Class<?> findClass(String name) throws ClassNotFoundException {
    List<Throwable> suppressedExceptions = new ArrayList<Throwable>();
    Class c = pathList.findClass(name, suppressedExceptions);
    if (c == null) {
        ClassNotFoundException cnfe = new ClassNotFoundException("Didn't find class \"" + name + "\" on path: " + pathList);
        for (Throwable t : suppressedExceptions) {
            cnfe.addSuppressed(t);
        }
        throw cnfe;
    }
    return c;
}

/**
 * Finds the named class in one of the dex files pointed at by
 * this instance. This will find the one in the earliest listed
 * path element. If the class is found but has not yet been
 * defined, then this method will define it in the defining
 * context that this instance was constructed with.
 *
 * @param name of class to find
 * @param suppressed exceptions encountered whilst finding the class
 * @return the named class or {@code null} if the class is not
 * found in any of the dex files
 */
public Class findClass(String name, List<Throwable> suppressed) {
    for (Element element : dexElements) {
        DexFile dex = element.dexFile;

        if (dex != null) {
            Class clazz = dex.loadClassBinaryName(name, definingContext, suppressed);
            if (clazz != null) {
                return clazz;
            }
        }
    }
    if (dexElementsSuppressedExceptions != null) {
        suppressed.addAll(Arrays.asList(dexElementsSuppressedExceptions));
    }
    return null;
}